
… by a complex system I mean one made up of a large number of parts that interact in a non simple way. In such systems, the whole is more than the sum of the parts, not in an ultimate, metaphysical sense, but in the important pragmatic sense that, given the properties of the parts and the laws of their interaction, it is not a trivial matter to infer the properties of the whole.
Herbert A. Simon “The architecture of complexity” Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., 106, 6. (1962).
Congratulations to Scarlett (Shiyi) Lyu for successfully passing her ATE!
13 May, 2026Toma officially advanced to PhD candidacy after successfully defending her candidacy exam today!
29 April, 2026Congratulations to Callie for passing her PhD candidacy exam today!